Frequently Asked Questions

1. Limited Resources

Cities often have limited resources, including manpower, equipment, and budget, allocated for waste management and street cleaning. The extent of these services may be constrained by the available resources.

2. Vastness of Public Spaces

Public spaces in a city, including streets, parks, and other areas, can be extensive. Keeping all these areas consistently clean requires a significant effort. The sheer size of public spaces may make it challenging to provide frequent and comprehensive litter cleanup services.

3. Constant Generation of Litter

Litter is continually generated by various activities, such as pedestrian traffic, events, and public gatherings. Keeping up with the constant generation of litter can be difficult, and it may require frequent and ongoing efforts to maintain cleanliness.

4. Prioritization of Services

Cities often prioritize essential services based on public health and safety. While litter cleanup is important, other services like emergency response, road maintenance, and sanitation might take precedence, especially when resources are limited.

5. Need for Community Involvement

Keeping public spaces clean is not solely the responsibility of the city. Community involvement and responsible waste disposal by residents play a crucial role in maintaining cleanliness. Cities often rely on public cooperation and engagement to address littering issues effectively.

6. Environmental Concerns

Some litter may be hazardous or require specialized disposal methods. The city may need to follow specific protocols for handling and disposing of certain types of litter to ensure the safety of both workers and the environment.

While the City of Austin may face challenges in maintaining public spaces free of litter, it likely has programs and initiatives in place to address the issue. This may include public awareness campaigns, community cleanup events, and collaboration with local organizations to promote responsible waste disposal. If residents observe persistent litter issues in specific areas, they are encouraged to report them to the city’s public works or waste management department for appropriate action.

1. Budget Constraints

Municipalities allocate their budgets based on various priorities, including public services, infrastructure, and safety. Budget constraints may limit the number of trash bins a city can afford to purchase, install, and maintain.

2. Resource Allocation

In addition to budget constraints, cities must allocate resources effectively. This includes not only the financial resources for purchasing bins but also the personnel for emptying and maintaining them regularly.

3. Balancing Aesthetics and Functionality

Cities often strive to balance the functional need for trash bins with the desire to maintain a visually appealing environment. While it’s essential to have enough bins for waste disposal, the city may also consider the aesthetic impact of placing too many bins in certain areas.

4. Behavioral Factors

The effectiveness of trash bins relies on the responsible behavior of the public. In areas where people are prone to littering or misuse of bins, having more bins may not necessarily solve the problem. Cities may need to focus on public education and awareness campaigns to encourage responsible waste disposal.

5. Logistical Challenges

Identifying suitable locations for trash bins, ensuring they are evenly distributed across the city, and addressing logistical challenges (such as accessibility for waste collection trucks) can complicate the process of increasing the number of bins.

6. Environmental Considerations

Some cities are increasingly focused on reducing waste and promoting recycling. In such cases, there may be a strategic decision to prioritize recycling bins over traditional trash bins. This shift aligns with broader sustainability goals but may result in fewer visible trash bins.

If residents feel there is a shortage of trash bins in their area, they can consider taking the following steps:

1. Contact the Local Government

Reach out to the local public works or waste management department to express concerns about the lack of trash bins in specific areas.

2. Community Initiatives

Explore community initiatives and programs that encourage responsible waste disposal and community cleanups.

3. Public Awareness

Participate in or support public awareness campaigns about responsible waste disposal to address the root cause of littering.

Cities often welcome feedback from residents and community engagement can play a crucial role in shaping waste management policies and infrastructure.

Texas Penal Code – PENAL § 28.08. Graffiti

(a) A person commits an offense if, without the effective consent of the owner, the person intentionally or knowingly makes markings, including inscriptions, slogans, drawings, or paintings, on the tangible property of the owner with:

(1) paint;

(2) an indelible marker; or

(3) an etching or engraving device.

(b) Except as provided by Subsection (d), an offense under this section is:

(1) a Class C misdemeanor if the amount of pecuniary loss is less than $100;

(2) a Class B misdemeanor if the amount of pecuniary loss is $100 or more but less than $750;

(3) a Class A misdemeanor if the amount of pecuniary loss is $750 or more but less than $2,500;

(4) a state jail felony if the amount of pecuniary loss is $2,500 or more but less than $30,000;

(5) a felony of the third degree if the amount of pecuniary loss is $30,000 or more but less than $150,000;

(6) a felony of the second degree if the amount of pecuniary loss is $150,000 or more but less than $300,000; or

(7) a felony of the first degree if the amount of pecuniary loss is $300,000 or more.

(c) When more than one item of tangible property, belonging to one or more owners, is marked in violation of this section pursuant to one scheme or continuing course of conduct, the conduct may be considered as one offense, and the amounts of pecuniary loss to property resulting from the marking of the property may be aggregated in determining the grade of the offense.

(d) An offense under this section is a state jail felony if:

(1) the marking is made on a school, an institution of higher education, a place of worship or human burial, a public monument, or a community center that provides medical, social, or educational programs; and

(2) the amount of the pecuniary loss to real property or to tangible personal property is $750 or more but less than $30,000.

(e) In this section:

(1) “Aerosol paint” means an aerosolized paint product.

(2) “Etching or engraving device” means a device that makes a delineation or impression on tangible property, regardless of the manufacturer’s intended use for that device.

(3) “Indelible marker” means a device that makes a mark with a paint or ink product that is specifically formulated to be more difficult to erase, wash out, or remove than ordinary paint or ink products.

(4) “Institution of higher education” has the meaning assigned by Section 481.134, Health and Safety Code.

(5) “School” means a private or public elementary or secondary school.

Tagging
Tagging is a stylized form of writing one’s name or a pseudonym, often done quickly with spray paint or markers.

It is usually more about personal recognition or marking territory rather than artistic expression.

Tags are often repetitive and can appear as simple signatures or elaborate, decorative designs.

Tagging is most often vandalism because it’s typically created without permission on public or private property.

Graffiti Art
Graffiti art goes beyond simple tagging and involves more elaborate designs, imagery, and often, a deeper message or meaning.

Graffiti artists may use a variety of techniques and mediums, including spray paint, stencils, stickers, and more.

Graffiti art is most often legal because it’s typically created with the permission of property owners or City authorities who often pay the artist a commission.

Unlike tagging, which often focuses on personal recognition, graffiti art can engage with social, political, or cultural themes and may aim to beautify or provoke thought in urban spaces.

Graffiti art is often more complex and detailed, with a greater emphasis on artistic skill and creativity.

Volunteering for litter cleanup typically doesn’t have stringent physical requirements, as many cleanup activities are designed to accommodate a wide range of participants. However, there are some general considerations to keep in mind:

1. Mobility

Litter cleanups often involve walking or standing for extended periods. While many cleanups take place in easily accessible areas, some may require walking on uneven terrain. Make sure you are comfortable with the level of mobility required for the specific cleanup site.

2. Bending and Stooping

Cleaning up litter may involve bending down to pick up items from the ground. If you have any physical limitations or concerns, it’s a good idea to check with Park Watch to ensure that the cleanup activities are manageable for you.

3. Lifting

While individual pieces of litter are usually not heavy, there may be instances where you need to lift bags of collected trash. If you have any back or lifting restrictions, let Park Watch know so we can provide assistance or assign tasks accordingly.

4. Weather Considerations

Be prepared for the weather conditions at the cleanup site. This may include being exposed to the sun, wind, rain, or cold temperatures. Dress appropriately, wear sunscreen, and bring water to stay hydrated.

5. Health Considerations

If you have any health concerns or medical conditions, it’s advisable to consult with your healthcare provider before participating in physical activities. Inform the organizers about any specific needs or accommodations you may require.

6. Safety Precautions

Wear appropriate footwear; use gloves to protect your hands; and being aware of potential hazards in the cleanup area, such as Poison Ivy

1. Visibility and Recognition

Uniforms and branded merchandise make volunteers easily identifiable which may enhance visibility and recognition in the community.

2. Professionalism

Uniforms and branded merchandise give some volunteers a sense of professionalism to the group, signaling seriousness and commitment to our mission.

3. Safety

Uniforms with reflective materials enhance safety, especially when volunteers are working near roads or in low-light conditions.

4. Branding and Public Relations

Uniforms and and branded merchandise help in branding Park Watch, potentially attracting more attention and support.

5. Volunteer Preferences

Some volunteers appreciate the sense of belonging and camaraderie that comes with wearing a uniform or branded merchandise.

6. Logistical Considerations

During group cleanup events, uniforms and branded merchandise simplify the process of organizing and managing volunteers by making them easily identifiable.

While volunteers may not be Park Watch employees or have a formal representation role, their actions and behaviors can influence the public’s perception of Park Watch and its mission.

Visibility and Recognition

Volunteers wearing Park Watch-branded clothing or using materials provided by the organization may be more visibly associated with Park Watch. This can contribute to the recognition of Park Watch’s efforts.

Behavior Reflects on the Nonprofit

The way volunteers conduct themselves during a litter cleanup reflects on Park Watch. Friendly, respectful, and responsible behavior enhances Park
Watch’s image.

Community Relations

Interactions between volunteers and the community during a cleanup can shape the community’s opinion of Park Watch. Positive interactions can strengthen community relations.

Adherence to Values

Volunteers should be aware of and adhere to Park Watch’s values and mission. This helps maintain consistency in messaging and actions.

Communication with the Public

Volunteers may engage with the public, answering questions or providing information aboutPark Watch’s goals. Clear communication is crucial to convey Park Watch’s mission accurately.

Safety and Ethical Considerations

Volunteers should prioritize safety, ethical conduct, and legal compliance during cleanup activities. Any violations can reflect poorly on Park Watch.

Representation Through Actions

While volunteers may not formally represent Park Watch, their actions speak volumes. A well-conducted cleanup reflects positively on Park Watch’s commitment to community service.

Training and Guidelines

Providing volunteers with training, guidelines, and expectations helps them understand their role and how their actions contribute to Park Watch’s objectives.

Park Watch clearly communicates with volunteers about expectations, guidelines, and our values. Volunteers should understand the impact of their actions on Park Watch’s reputation and community relations.

By fostering a sense of shared purpose and providing appropriate support and guidance, Park Watch ensures that their litter cleanup volunteers positively represent the organization and contribute to its positive public perception.

While the idea of a volunteer picking up litter with their dog may seem like a positive and engaging activity, there are several factors to consider before deciding to bring your dog along with you for litter cleanup:

Dog Safety

Consider whether the environment where the litter cleanup is taking place is safe for your dog. Some areas may pose risks, such as broken glass or hazardous materials.

Dog Temperament/Behavior

Ensure that your dog is well-behaved and can be controlled in public spaces. A dog that is easily agitated or prone to aggressive behavior may not be suitable for a litter cleanup setting.

Hands-Free Leash

When you and your dog are in a public place, unless otherwise specified, the law requires your dog to be on a leash. Park Watch recommends attaching your dog’s leash to a belt to free up your hands for litter collection.

Dog Waste Management

When you and your dog are in a public place, the law requires you to carry proper waste disposal bags and to use them to clean up after your pet.

Impact on Cleanup Activities

Assess whether having your dog present will impact the effectiveness and focus of the litter cleanup. Some dogs may be a distraction, while others may actively participate in the activity.

Other Volunteer’s Health and Allergies

When at a group cleanup event, consider the health and potential allergies of other volunteers. Some individuals may be allergic to dogs and having a dog present could create discomfort for them.

1. Orientation Session

Park Watch begins with an orientation session to introduce volunteers to the mission and goals of our litter cleanup initiative. We provide an overview of the impact litter has on the environment and the community.

2. Safety Briefing

Park Watch emphasizes safety guidelines to ensure volunteers understand potential hazards while picking up litter. This includes guidelines for handling sharp objects, using gloves, and being aware of their surroundings.

3. Tools and Equipment

Park Watch familiarizes volunteers with the tools and equipment they’ll be using, such as trash bags, buckets, gloves, and litter pickers. We demonstrate the proper use and disposal of these items.

4. Mobile Apps

Park Watch trains volunteers to use the Austin311 App to report code violators to the City.

5. Site-Specific Training

When possible, Park Watch conducts site-specific training to address any unique challenges or considerations at the cleanup location. We highlight areas of focus and potential hazards.

6. Environmental Education

Park Watch provides information on the environmental impact of litter and the importance of proper waste disposal. We help volunteers understand how their efforts contribute to a cleaner and healthier community.

7. Waste Sorting

Park Watch teaches volunteers how to sort different types of waste. This may include recyclables, compostables, and non-recyclables. Emphasize the importance of recycling when applicable.

8. Community Engagement

Park Watch discusses effective communication strategies for engaging with the community while picking up litter. We encourage volunteers to be respectful and friendly, and provide guidance on responding to questions or concerns from passersby.

9. Health and Hygiene

Park Watch emphasizes personal hygiene practices, such as washing hands after handling litter. We provide hand sanitizers or access to handwashing facilities.

10. Reporting Procedures

Park Watch instructs volunteers to report any safety concerns, incidents, or notable findings during cleanups by email to parker@parkwatch.net

11. Recognition and Appreciation

Park Watch expresses our appreciation for volunteers’ efforts and highlight the positive impact of their work. We recognize outstanding individuals to motivate and engage volunteers.

12. Follow-Up and Evaluation

After group cleanup events, Park Watch conducts a debriefing session to gather feedback from volunteers. We use this feedback to improve future training sessions and the overall cleanup process.

13. Documentation

After group cleanup events, Park Watch documents volunteer hours and achievements for our records and to demonstrate our community impact.

Safety is paramount when picking up litter, as there may be potential hazards such as sharp objects, broken glass, or hazardous materials. Here are some tips for ensuring the safest way to pick up litter:

1. Protective Gear

Gloves

Always wear sturdy gloves to protect your hands from sharp or contaminated objects. Choose gloves that provide adequate coverage.

Appropriate Clothing

Wear clothing that covers your arms and legs to protect against scratches or exposure to irritants. For daytime litter collection in and around public right of ways, we recommend wearing highly visible clothing.

2. Use Proper Tools

Litter Picker or Grabber

Use a litter picker tool or grabber to pick up items without direct contact. This helps avoid contact with potentially hazardous materials. Park Watch sells all-Aluminum 33″ Trash Gators ($25).

Trash Bags/Buckets

Use sturdy trash bags or 5-Gallon buckets for collecting litter. Choose bags that are large enough to accommodate the amount of litter you expect to collect. If you don’t like searching for the opening of a floppy trash bag every time you pick up a piece of litter, we recommend buying a 5 Gallon bucket. Park Watch sells one with a very comfortable rope handle and a bottom handle that makes it easy to empty ($25).

Work Light

For nighttime litter collection, we recommend you carry a Milwaukee M18 18-Volt 1250 Lumen Lithium Ion cordless searchlight.

Body Camera

When picking up by yourself, we recommend you use a body camera to recording your surroundings.

3. Be Aware of Hazards

Watch Your Step

Pay attention to your surroundings to avoid tripping hazards, uneven terrain, or potential dangers like traffic.

Identify Hazardous Materials

Be cautious of items that may be hazardous, such as broken glass, sharp objects, or potentially toxic substances. Handle these items carefully and consider using additional protective equipment if needed.

Report Hazardous Materials

If you come across hazardous materials that require specialized handling (e.g., chemicals or biohazardous waste), report them to the appropriate authorities and avoid direct contact.

4. Proper Handling

Avoid Direct Contact

Minimize direct contact with litter, especially if you are unsure of its contents. Use tools to handle items whenever possible.

Clean Hands

Wash your hands thoroughly or use hand sanitizer after handling litter.

Use Two Hands

When picking up larger items, use both hands to maintain better control and balance.

5. Dispose Properly

Separate Hazardous Materials

If you encounter hazardous materials, such as needles or chemicals, do not attempt to handle them without proper training. Report these items to local authorities.

Dispose of Sharps Safely

If you come across needles or other sharp objects, use a container with a lid for safe disposal. Do not attempt to pick up sharps with your hands.

6. Stay Hydrated and Take Breaks

Stay Hydrated

Drink plenty of water, especially if you are working in warm weather.

Take Breaks

Avoid overexertion by taking regular breaks to rest and rehydrate.

7. Work in Pairs or Groups

Buddy System

If possible, work with a partner or in a group. This ensures that someone is available to assist in case of an emergency.

8. Report Safety Concerns

Communication

Establish clear communication channels for reporting safety concerns or emergencies. Ensure that volunteers know to report issues promptly by emailing parker@parkwatch.net.

By following these safety tips and taking precautions, you can contribute to a cleaner environment while minimizing the risk of injury or exposure to potential hazards during litter cleanup activities.

1. Documentation and Awareness

Video footage provides a visual record of the state of the environment before, during, and after the cleanup. This documentation can be valuable for creating awareness about the extent of littering in an area. It can be used in presentations, social media campaigns, or documentaries to highlight the importance of keeping the environment clean.

2. Educational Material

Videos can be used as educational tools to show the impact of litter on the environment. They can be incorporated into educational programs or workshops to teach people about the consequences of improper waste disposal and the importance of responsible behavior.

3. Community Engagement

Sharing videos of litter cleanup efforts can engage the community and inspire more people to get involved. It can serve as a positive example and encourage a sense of collective responsibility for maintaining a clean and healthy environment.

4. Before-and-After Comparisons

Video footage allows for before-and-after comparisons, demonstrating the positive impact of the cleanup efforts. This visual evidence can be powerful in motivating volunteers and demonstrating the tangible results of their hard work.

5. Grant Applications and Funding

For organizations or individuals seeking grants or funding for environmental projects, video documentation can be a persuasive tool. It provides concrete evidence of the need for support and the positive changes that can be achieved with financial assistance.

6. Data Collection

Video footage can be used for more detailed analysis of the types and sources of litter, helping organizers and researchers understand patterns and develop targeted strategies for prevention.

7. Safety and Accountability

In some cases, recording the cleanup process can enhance safety. It provides a record of the conditions in which volunteers are working and can serve as documentation in case of any incidents or disputes. It can also be a means of accountability, ensuring that the cleanup is conducted responsibly and ethically.

1. Documentation and Awareness

If a volunteer witnesses a crime on their own or while participating in a litter cleanup event, it’s important to prioritize personal safety and take the following steps:

1. Do Not Confront the Perpetrator

Avoid confronting the person committing the crime. Your safety should be the top priority.

2. Stay Calm and Assess the Situation

Stay calm and observe the situation carefully. Take note of important details such as the appearance of the individuals involved, any weapons, or other relevant information.

3. Ensure Personal Safety

If the crime involves violence or poses a threat to your safety, prioritize finding a safe location. Move away from the immediate area of danger.

4. Call Emergency Services

Dial 911 to report the crime. Provide clear and concise information about the incident, your location, and any details that can assist law enforcement.

5. Provide a Detailed Description

When speaking with the 911 Dispatcher, provide a detailed description of the incident, including the location, descriptions of individuals involved, and any other pertinent information.

6. Follow the 911 Dispatcher’s Instructions

The 911 Dispatcher will guide you on what to do next. Follow their instructions carefully and cooperate with law enforcement.

7. Inform Park Watch

Notify Park Watch about the situation. We may need to take additional measures or coordinate with local authorities.

8. Document Details

If it is safe to do so, and without putting yourself at risk, document any details that may be helpful to law enforcement. This could include taking photos, video or making notes.

9. Provide a Statement to Law Enforcement

Once law enforcement arrives, be prepared to provide a statement about what you witnessed. Stick to the facts and avoid speculation.

10. Cooperate with the Investigation

If needed, cooperate with any subsequent investigation. Your information may be valuable in resolving the case.

Remember, your primary responsibility is your safety. If you witness a crime, it’s crucial to let trained professionals handle the situation. Reporting the incident promptly to emergency services ensures that law enforcement can respond appropriately.

Yes.

Texas Health and Safety Code – HEALTH & SAFETY § 365.012. Illegal Dumping; Discarding Lighted Materials; Criminal Penalties

(a) A person commits an offense if the person disposes or allows or permits the disposal of litter or other solid waste at a place that is not an approved solid waste site, including a place on or within 300 feet of a public highway, on a right-of-way, on other public or private property, or into inland or coastal water of the state.

(a-1) A person commits an offense if:

(1) the person discards lighted litter, including a match, cigarette, or cigar, onto open-space land, a private road or the right-of-way of a private road, a public highway or other public road or the right-of-way of a public highway or other public road, or a railroad right-of-way; and

(2) a fire is ignited as a result of the conduct described by Subdivision (1).

(b) A person commits an offense if the person receives litter or other solid waste for disposal at a place that is not an approved solid waste site, regardless of whether the litter or other solid waste or the land on which the litter or other solid waste is disposed is owned or controlled by the person.

(c) A person commits an offense if the person transports litter or other solid waste to a place that is not an approved solid waste site for disposal at the site.

(d) An offense under Subsection (a), (b), or (c) is a Class C misdemeanor if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs five pounds or less or has a volume of five gallons or less.

(d-1) An offense under Subsection (a-1) is a misdemeanor under this subsection if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs less than 500 pounds or has a volume of less than 100 cubic feet and is punishable by:

(1) a fine not to exceed $500;

(2) confinement in jail for a term not to exceed 30 days; or

(3) both such fine and confinement.

(e) An offense under Subsection (a), (b), or (c) is a Class B misdemeanor if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs more than five pounds but less than 500 pounds or has a volume of more than five gallons but less than 100 cubic feet.

(f) An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor if:

(1) the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs 500 pounds or more but less than 1,000 pounds or has a volume of 100 cubic feet or more but less than 200 cubic feet; or

(2) the litter or other solid waste is disposed for a commercial purpose and weighs more than five pounds but less than 200 pounds or has a volume of more than five gallons but less than 200 cubic feet.

(g) An offense under this section is a state jail felony if the litter or solid waste to which the offense applies:

(1) weighs 1,000 pounds or more or has a volume of 200 cubic feet or more;

(2) is disposed of for a commercial purpose and weighs 200 pounds or more or has a volume of 200 cubic feet or more; or

(3) is contained in a closed barrel or drum.

(h) If it is shown on the trial of the defendant for an offense under this section that the defendant has previously been convicted of an offense under this section, the punishment for the offense is increased to the punishment for the next highest category.

(i) On conviction for an offense under this section, the court shall provide to the defendant written notice that a subsequent conviction for an offense under this section may result in the forfeiture under Chapter 59, Code of Criminal Procedure, of the vehicle used by the defendant in committing the offense.

(j) The offenses prescribed by this section include the unauthorized disposal of litter or other solid waste in a dumpster or similar receptacle.

(k) This section does not apply to the temporary storage for future disposal of litter or other solid waste by a person on land owned by that person, or by that person’s agent. The commission by rule shall regulate temporary storage for future disposal of litter or other solid waste by a person on land owned by the person or the person’s agent.

(l) This section does not apply to an individual’s disposal of litter or other solid waste if:

(1) the litter or waste is generated on land the individual owns;

(2) the litter or waste is not generated as a result of an activity related to a commercial purpose;

(3) the disposal occurs on land the individual owns; and

(4) the disposal is not for a commercial purpose.

(m) A municipality or county may offer a reward of $50 for reporting a violation of this section that results in a prosecution under this section.

(n) An offense under this section may be prosecuted without alleging or proving any culpable mental state, unless the offense is a state jail felony.

(o) For purposes of a prosecution under Subsection (g), a generator creates a rebuttable presumption of lack of culpable mental state if the generator of the solid waste to be disposed of secures, prior to the hauler’s receipt of the solid waste, a signed statement from the hauler that the solid waste will be disposed of legally. The statement shall include the hauler’s valid Texas driver’s license number.

(p) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under Subsection (a-1) that the person discarded the lighted litter in connection with controlled burning the person was conducting in the area into which the lighted litter was discarded.

(q) The operator of a public conveyance in which smoking tobacco is allowed shall post a sign stating the substance of Subsections (a-1) and (d-1) in a conspicuous place within any portion of the public conveyance in which smoking is allowed.

(r) If conduct that constitutes an offense under Subsection (a-1) also constitutes an offense under Subsection (a), the actor may be prosecuted only under Subsection (a-1). If conduct that constitutes an offense under Subsection (a-1) also constitutes an offense under Chapter 28, Penal Code, the actor may be prosecuted under Subsection (a-1) or Chapter 28, Penal Code, but not both.

(s) On conviction of an offense under this section, the court shall require the defendant, in addition to any fine or other penalty, to perform community service as provided by Article 42A.304(e), Code of Criminal Procedure.

1. Obstruction of Traffic Flow

Items left at the curb can obstruct the normal flow of traffic, especially if they impede the movement of vehicles or pedestrians. This can lead to congestion and increased chances of accidents or near-misses.

2. Visibility Issues

Large or improperly placed items at the curb can reduce visibility for drivers, pedestrians, and cyclists. Reduced visibility increases the risk of collisions, particularly at intersections and driveways.

3. Trip Hazards for Pedestrians

Items left on the curb can create trip hazards for pedestrians, especially if they are not easily visible. This can lead to injuries and accidents, particularly in areas with heavy foot traffic.

4. Interference with Emergency Services

Objects left at the curb may hinder the swift movement of emergency vehicles, such as fire trucks or ambulances. Quick response times during emergencies are crucial, and any obstruction can delay their access to the affected area.

4. Illegal Dumping and Littering

Abandoning property at the curb may contribute to illegal dumping and littering. This not only creates an eyesore but also poses environmental concerns. Improperly disposed items can be hazardous to the environment and may attract pests.

5. Impact on Infrastructure

Some items left at the curb may be hazardous to infrastructure. For example, liquids or chemicals from abandoned items could leak and contaminate the soil or water, posing environmental risks.

1. Include Clear Policies in Lease Agreements

Explicitly outline rules regarding the disposal of personal property in the lease agreement. Clearly state the consequences of abandoning items at the curb, such as potential fines or lease violations.

2. Provide Adequate Waste Disposal Facilities

Ensure that the apartment complex has sufficient and easily accessible waste disposal facilities. Clearly communicate the locations of dumpsters or designated disposal areas to tenants.

3. Educate Tenants

Conduct orientation sessions or provide written materials to educate tenants on proper waste disposal practices. Emphasize the importance of following community guidelines and being considerate of neighbors.

4. Implement Recycling Programs

Encourage recycling by providing bins for recyclable materials and informing tenants about the benefits of recycling. Clearly communicate the types of items that can be recycled and how to do so properly.

5. Regular Inspections

Conduct regular inspections of common areas, including curbs, to identify and address any abandoned items promptly. Inform tenants in advance about inspection schedules to encourage compliance.

6. Community Notices

Post reminders in common areas or send notices to tenants reminding them of proper disposal practices. Highlight the importance of maintaining a clean and orderly community.

7. Enforce Lease Agreement Violations

Clearly state the consequences of violating waste disposal rules in the lease agreement. Enforce lease violations consistently to demonstrate the seriousness of adherence to community guidelines.

8. Provide Large Item Disposal Solutions

Offer information about local services for large item disposal, such as bulk waste pickup or donation centers. Make it convenient for tenants to dispose of larger items responsibly.

9. Use Security Cameras

Install security cameras in common areas, including near curbs, to deter tenants from abandoning items and to monitor activity. Make tenants aware of the presence of security cameras.

10. Encourage Responsible Behavior

Foster a sense of community responsibility by encouraging tenants to be mindful of their neighbors and the overall cleanliness of the property. Recognize and reward responsible behavior through positive reinforcement.

1. Quantitative Metrics

A. Volume of Trash Collected

Measure the quantity of litter collected during clean-up events. This can provide a tangible measure of the program’s impact in terms of waste removal.

B. Number of Participants

Track the number of volunteers participating in clean-up events. A higher number of participants may indicate increased community engagement and awareness.

2. Qualitative Assessments

A. Cleanliness Ratings

Conduct before-and-after assessments of the cleanliness of targeted areas. Use subjective or objective measures to evaluate the improvement in the appearance of the community.

B. Community Perception Surveys

Gather feedback from community members through surveys to understand their perceptions of the cleanliness and improvement in the targeted areas.

3. Environmental Impact

A. Ecological Benefits

Assess the potential ecological benefits, such as the prevention of litter from entering waterways, reduction in wildlife hazards, and overall positive impact on the local ecosystem.

B. Recycling Rates

If the program includes sorting and recycling efforts, track the amount of recyclable materials collected and diverted from landfills.

4. Behavioral Change

A. Littering Rates

Monitor changes in littering rates over time by conducting observational studies or surveys to determine if the clean-up program has influenced community behavior.

B. Educational Outreach

Measure the effectiveness of educational components of the program by assessing changes in knowledge and attitudes related to littering and waste management.

5. Community Engagement

A. Social Media Metrics

Track engagement on social media platforms, including the number of shares, likes, and comments related to the clean-up events. Social media can be a powerful tool for spreading awareness and engaging the community.

B. Community Events Attendance

If the clean-up program includes community events, track attendance and participation rates to gauge community involvement.

6. Long-Term Impact

A. Sustainability of Results

Assess whether the improvements achieved during clean-up events are sustained over time. Long-term impact is crucial for measuring the program’s lasting effects on community cleanliness.

B. Repeat Participation

Measure the number of volunteers who consistently participate in multiple clean-up events, as this may indicate sustained community involvement and commitment.

7. Collaboration and Partnerships

A. Collaboration with Local Organizations

Measure the number and quality of partnerships with local businesses, organizations, and government agencies to assess the program’s collaborative impact on the community.

A. PURPOSE

As a non-profit organization, it is essential that Park Watch Inc (“Park Watch”) gain the public’s trust in the integrity and independence of Park Watch’s decision-making processes, as well as Park Watch’s adherence to high standards for the conduct of its charitable activities. It is also acknowledged and desired that volunteers, employees and others working on behalf of Park Watch (“Park Watch Representatives”) have myriad relationships, interests, and memberships that support and benefit the mission of Park Watch. However, there are times when these multiple relationships may give rise to or give the appearance of an actual or potential conflict of interest.

The purpose of this Policy is to protect the interests of Park Watch when it is contemplating entering into a transaction or arrangement that might benefit or appear to benefit the private interest of any present or former Park Watch Representative, or inappropriately benefit a Related Party.

As a non-profit public charity, Park Watch must serve a public purpose to retain its tax-exempt status and must therefore carefully handle potential conflicts of interest. To protect both Park Watch and Park Watch Representatives, this Policy requires disclosure of relationships by Park Watch Representatives and resolution of any conflicts by Park Watch to ensure that actions taken are in the best interest of Park Watch. This protects Park Watch’s and Park Watch Representatives’ decision-making from the appearance of bias or improper influence by individual personal or business interests, family or close associates in Park Watch.

B. DEFINITIONS

1. Park Watch Representatives
Park Watch Representatives include directors, officers, committee members, scientific council members, volunteers, staff, certain contracted parties or agents, and key individuals in decision-making roles designated by the Corporate Secretary.

2. Conflict of Interest
When a person covered by this Policy has a relationship that interferes with that person’s duty of primary loyalty to Park Watch or prevents that person from being impartial to Park Watch and its charitable purposes, that person’s interests are in conflict with Park Watch’s. The potential for a conflict of interest may arise within (i) an actual adverse interest (where the two interests are on opposite sides of an issue or transaction) or (ii) a competing interest (where the two interests are in competition for the same goals).

3. Related Party
Related Party means any one of the following persons or entities:

(a) Any director, officer, employee, or volunteer of Park Watch or its affiliates.

(b) Any Relative of any individual described in subsection (a) above.

(c) Any entity or trust of which any individual described in subsection (a) or (b) above serves as a director, trustee, officer, employee, or volunteer.

(d) Any entity or trust in which any individual described in subsection (a) or (b) above has a thirty-five percent (35%) or greater ownership or beneficial interest.

(e) Any partnership or professional corporation in which any individual described in subsection (a) or
(b) above has a direct or indirect ownership interest in excess of five percent (5%).

(f) Any other entity or trust in which any individual described in subsection (a) or (b) above has a material financial interest.

4. Relationship
In this policy, “Relationship” means a financial, familial or non-financial connection to, or interest held by, the person making the disclosure.

5. Relative
In this policy, a “Relative” of an individual means any one of the following persons, though other definitions may be used in specific situations, such as for Park Watch Audit Committee’s “independence” evaluation purposes:

(a) spouse or domestic partner;

(b) ancestors;

(c) siblings or half-siblings, children (whether natural or adopted), grandchildren, and great-grandchildren; or

(d) spouse or domestic partner of any person described in subsection (c) above.

C. DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLES

Park Watch Representatives are to scrupulously avoid actual or perceived conflicts of interest, including without limitation: unfair benefit, more than de minimis incidental personal gain, or undue influence in dealings or transactions with Park Watch that is not in Park Watch’s best interests.

1. Disclosure: Park Watch Representatives are to fully disclose financial and non-financial relationships, including their employment, ownership interests, memberships, arrangements, investments, and holdings, including those held by family members, as requested on Park Watch Relationship Disclosure Questionnaire.

(a) Initial disclosure is to occur before appointment or election in most cases, but may occur upon acceptance of appointment, and annually thereafter.

(b) All Park Watch Representatives are expected to update their Disclosure Questionnaire whenever any material change occurs with their relationships.

(c) In the course of Park Watch meetings or activities, Park Watch Representatives are to disclose any direct or indirect interests in a transaction or decision that potentially could be a conflict of interest.

(d) The Corporate Secretary is to ensure that (a) all disclosures are appropriately maintained as required by this Policy and applicable law, and (b) copies of disclosures by all Board members are given annually to the Audit Committee Chairperson.

2. Evaluation: Reporting personal and other business relationships generally does not prevent an individual from working with or volunteering for Park Watch. Park Watch will evaluate non-financial and financial relationships for actual or perceived conflicts based on the nature of Park Watch Representative’s position(s) and scope of decision-making authority, the substantiality of the relationships, the pervasiveness of the conflict and whether additional measures are needed to protect the integrity and reputation of Park Watch Representative and Park Watch.

3. Resolution: Conflicts may be resolved by having Park Watch representatives refrain from deliberating and voting on the particular transaction or matter, refraining from exerting any influence on Park Watch to affect a decision, or follow other measures depending on the nature of and the ability to reasonably manage the conflict. Resolution will be based on the facts and circumstances of each individual situation but may in some cases require action up to and including the withdrawal of the individual from the conflicting relationship or from Park Watch position. No person with a Conflict of Interest may attempt to influence improperly the deliberation or voting on the matter giving rise to such conflict.

4. Transactions with a Related Party: Unless excluded below, the Executive Committee of Park Watch Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing any proposed transaction between Park Watch and any Related Party, or a transaction in which a Related Party has a substantial financial interest, prior to such Relationship becoming binding on Park Watch. In doing so, the Executive Committee will be guided by this Policy and the procedures adopted under this Policy. The following activities are excluded from the review requirements of this section:

(a) the transaction or the Related Party’s financial interest in the transaction is de minimis;

(b) the transaction would not customarily be reviewed by Park Watch Board of Directors or boards of similar organizations in the ordinary course of business and is available to others on the same or similar terms; or

(c) the transaction constitutes a benefit provided to a Related Party solely as a member of a class of the beneficiaries that Park Watch intends to benefit as part of the accomplishment of its mission which benefit is available to all similarly situated members of the same class on the same terms.

D. REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN POSITIONS

Because of the diversity of Park Watch’s activities and operations, different volunteer and staff positions in Park Watch may require more specific and distinct procedures for disclosing and addressing potential conflicts of interest. All procedures must be consistent with applicable law and this Policy.

Volunteers, while acting in the capacity of a Park Watch volunteer, shall not solicit or accept for their personal, professional, or business gain any gifts, gratuities, honoraria, entertainment, favors or other goods or services from current or prospective vendors, service providers, corporate partners, or competitors of Park Watch.

E. CONFIDENTIALITY

All information submitted in response to the request to disclose relationships will be kept strictly confidential and only used by Park Watch for the limited purposes for which it was collected.

F. IMPLEMENTATION

The CEO and her designees are directed to develop and maintain appropriate procedures to implement this Policy, including details under the following areas without conflicting with the Disclosure Principles set forth above. The Audit Committee will be responsible for oversight and ensuring compliance with this Policy.

The existence and resolution of Conflicts of Interest are to be documented in Park Watch’s corporate records, including in the minutes of any meeting at which the conflict was discussed or voted upon.

Each director, officer, employee, and volunteer is responsible for reporting any suspected failure to disclose by any Park Watch Representative, regardless of position, in accordance with Park Watch’s Whistleblower Policy.

Conduct that violates this Policy is always considered outside the scope of employment of any employee acting on behalf of Park Watch.

Park Watch requires its directors, officers, employees, and volunteers (each, a “Representative”) to observe high standards of business and personal ethics in the conduct of their duties and responsibilities. As Representatives of Park Watch, we must practice honesty and integrity in fulfilling our responsibilities and comply with all applicable laws and regulations.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this Whistleblower Policy (the “Policy”) is to:

(a) Encourage and enable Representatives to raise concerns regarding suspected illegal or unethical conduct or practices or violations of Park Watch’s policies on a confidential and, if desired, anonymous basis.

(b) Protect Representatives from retaliation for raising such concerns.

(c) Establish policies and procedures for Park Watch to receive and investigate reported concerns and address and correct inappropriate conduct and actions.

REPORTING RESPONSIBILITY

Each Representative has the responsibility to report in good faith any concerns about actual or suspected violations of Park Watch’s policies or any federal, state, or municipal law or regulation, or executive order governing Park Watch’s operations (each, a “Concern”). Appropriate subjects to report under this Policy include but are not limited to financial improprieties, accounting or audit matters, ethical violations, sexual or other unlawful harassment, discrimination or other similar illegal or improper practices. Anyone reporting a Concern must act in good faith and have reasonable grounds for believing the information disclosed indicates a violation of law, AHA policy or ethical standards. Any unfounded allegation that proves to have been made maliciously, recklessly, or knowingly to be false will be viewed as a serious offense and result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination of employment or volunteer status.

RETALIATION IS PROHIBITED

Park Watch treats complaints about and reports of Concerns seriously and investigates them as required by our procedures and any applicable laws. No Representative, independent contractor or former employee who in good faith reports a Concern or participates in a review or investigation of a Concern shall be subject to harassment, retaliation, or, in the case of an employee, adverse employment consequences, threats of adverse employment consequences, or actual or threatened reports to immigration authorities, because of such report or participation. This protection extends to Representatives, independent contractors and former employees who report a Concern in good faith, even if the allegations are not substantiated after an investigation.

No Representative will be subject to liability or retaliation for disclosing a trade secret in compliance with 18 U.S.C. §1833 either:

(a) In confidence to a federal, state, or local government official or to an attorney solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a Concern; or

(b) In a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding under seal.

Any Representative who retaliates against someone who in good faith has reported or participated in a review or investigation of a Concern will be subject to discipline, up to and including termination of employment or volunteer status. Anyone who believes that a Representative has been subject to harassment, retaliation, or adverse employment consequences as a result of making a good faith report or participating in a review or investigation of a Concern should contact Park Watch’s General Counsel, who also serves as Park Watch’s Ethics Officer. Nothing in this Policy shall limit the procedures and protections in Park Watch’s policy prohibiting Unlawful Harassment, which is contained in the Employee Policy Manual.

For the purposes of this Policy, the term “good faith” means the reporter reasonably believes the Concern to be true and reasonably believes it to constitute illegal conduct, fraud, or violation of AHA policy. The “good faith” protection in this Policy does NOT prevent action against a reporter who participates in the illegal activity, fraud, harassment, or violation of AHA policy.

CONFIDENTIALITY

Park Watch encourages anyone reporting a Concern to identify himself or herself in order to facilitate the investigation of the Concern. However, Concerns may be submitted on a confidential and/or anonymous basis. Park Watch shall take reasonable steps to protect the identity of the Representative and shall keep reports of Concerns confidential to the extent possible, consistent with the need to conduct an adequate investigation.

REPORTING PROCEDURES

Park Watch has and will maintain a system for reports of Concerns by any Representative as well as people outside the organization. If you have questions or concerns about compliance with any of the policies listed above, or are unsure about what is the “right thing” to do, we strongly encourage you to first talk with your supervisor, program leader, another AHA Leader or the Human Resources department. If for any reason you are uncomfortable talking to any of these individuals, contact Park Watch ethics hotline at 866-293-2427 or www.ethicspoint.com to report your concerns. Your calls will be handled in confidence.

Every Concern will be evaluated and investigated as appropriate based on the determination of the Ethics Officer or, for Concerns that are strictly about personnel matters or compliance with human resources policies, the EVP of Human Resources. Concerns regarding financial improprieties or, accounting or audit matters will be investigated under the supervision of the chairperson of Park Watch Audit Committee. Concerns about any of the named leaders in this paragraph will be investigated under the supervision of the Chief Administrative Officer.

PERIODIC REVUES

To ensure that Park Watch operates in a manner consistent with charitable purposes and does not engage in activities that could jeopardize its reputation or tax-exempt status, the Audit Committee shall conduct periodic reviews of this Policy. The Ethics Officer will report to the Audit Committee, at least annually, on the nature and results of all investigations covered by this Policy, as well as the need for any modifications to this Policy, while preserving any confidences required by law.

MISCELLANEOUS

Park Watch shall retain any records related to the investigation and resolution of a reported Concern as required by Park Watch’s Records Retention and Destruction Policy. All such records are considered privileged and strictly confidential.

This Policy shall be distributed to all Representatives. Failure to comply with the Policy may result in discipline or removal, up to and including termination of employment, contract or volunteer status.